在有一次搭建elasticsearch的时候，使用systemctl启动elasticsearch失败，然后在bin目录下面去使用启动脚本启动，发现报错不能用root用户启动，报“Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root”：
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[root@localhost bin]# ./elasticsearch [2017-12-20T17:01:47,922][WARN ][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [node-1] uncaught exception in thread [main] org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:125) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:112) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1] at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1] at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:124) ~[elasticsearch-cli-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1] at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) ~[elasticsearch-cli-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:85) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1] Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:104) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:171) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:322) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:121) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1] ... 6 more [root@localhost bin]# cd ..
[elk@docker bin]$ ./elasticsearch Exception in thread "main" 2018-06-03 17:36:23,881 main ERROR No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console. Set system property 'log4j2.debug' to show Log4j2 internal initialization logging. 2018-06-03 17:36:24,113 main ERROR Could not register mbeans java.security.AccessControlException: access denied ("javax.management.MBeanTrustPermission" "register") at java.security.AccessControlContext.checkPermission(AccessControlContext.java:472) at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkPermission(SecurityManager.java:585) at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.checkMBeanTrustPermission(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:1848) at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.registerMBean(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:322) at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.registerMBean(JmxMBeanServer.java:522) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.register(Server.java:389) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.reregisterMBeansAfterReconfigure(Server.java:167) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.reregisterMBeansAfterReconfigure(Server.java:140) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.setConfiguration(LoggerContext.java:556) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.reconfigure(LoggerContext.java:617) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.reconfigure(LoggerContext.java:634) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.start(LoggerContext.java:229) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory.getContext(Log4jContextFactory.java:242) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory.getContext(Log4jContextFactory.java:45) at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getContext(LogManager.java:174) at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(LogManager.java:618) at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.ESLoggerFactory.getLogger(ESLoggerFactory.java:54) at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.ESLoggerFactory.getLogger(ESLoggerFactory.java:62) at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.Loggers.getLogger(Loggers.java:101) at org.elasticsearch.ExceptionsHelper.<clinit>(ExceptionsHelper.java:42) at org.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchException.toString(ElasticsearchException.java:663) at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) at java.io.PrintStream.println(PrintStream.java:821) at java.lang.Throwable$WrappedPrintStream.println(Throwable.java:748) at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:655) at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:643) at java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(ThreadGroup.java:1061) at java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(ThreadGroup.java:1052) at java.lang.Thread.dispatchUncaughtException(Thread.java:1959)
SettingsException[Failed to load settings from /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml]; nested: AccessDeniedException[/usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml]; at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:102) at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.createEnv(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:72) at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:67) at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134) at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84) Caused by: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:84) at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:102) at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:107) at sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystemProvider.newByteChannel(UnixFileSystemProvider.java:214) at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:361) at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:407) at java.nio.file.spi.FileSystemProvider.newInputStream(FileSystemProvider.java:384) at java.nio.file.Files.newInputStream(Files.java:152) at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.SettingsBuilder.loadFromPath(Settings.java:1032)atorg.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:100)…6more[elk@dockerbin]Builder.loadFromPath(Settings.java:1032) at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:100) … 6 more [elk@docker bin]Builder.loadFromPath(Settings.java:1032)atorg.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:100)…6more[elk@dockerbin]
[root@test101 init.d]# ./elasticsearch start Starting elasticsearch: 2018-06-12 15:13:50,287 main ERROR Unable to create file /var/log/elasticsearch/elk.log java.io.IOException: 权限不够 at java.io.UnixFileSystem.createFileExclusively(Native Method) at java.io.File.createNewFile(File.java:1012) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManager$RollingFileManagerFactory.createManager(RollingFileManager.java:628) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManager$RollingFileManagerFactory.createManager(RollingFileManager.java:608) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.AbstractManager.getManager(AbstractManager.java:113) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.OutputStreamManager.getManager(OutputStreamManager.java:115) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManager.getFileManager(RollingFileManager.java:188) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender$Builder.build(RollingFileAppender.java:144) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender$Builder.build(RollingFileAppender.java:60) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.plugins.util.PluginBuilder.build(PluginBuilder.java:122) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createPluginObject(AbstractConfiguration.java:958) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:898) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:890) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.doConfigure(AbstractConfiguration.java:513) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.initialize(AbstractConfiguration.java:237) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.start(AbstractConfiguration.java:249) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.setConfiguration(LoggerContext.java:545) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.start(LoggerContext.java:261) at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:166) at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:122) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:307) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:123) at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:70) at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134) at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84)
2018-06-12 15:13:50,296 main ERROR Could not create plugin of type class org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender for element RollingFile: java.lang.IllegalStateException: ManagerFactory [org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManagerRollingFileManagerFactory@16293aa2</span>]unabletocreatemanagerfor[<spanclass="hljs−string">/var/log/elasticsearch/elk.log</span>]withdata[<spanclass="hljs−string">org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManagerRollingFileManagerFactory@16293aa2</span>] unable to create manager for [<span class="hljs-string">/var/log/elasticsearch/elk.log</span>] with data [<span class="hljs-string">org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManagerRollingFileManagerFactory@16293aa2]unabletocreatemanagerfor[<spanclass=”hljs−string”>/var/log/elasticsearch/elk.log]withdata[<spanclass=”hljs−string”>org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManagerFactoryData@5158b42f[pattern=/var/log/elasticsearch/elk-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log, append=true, bufferedIO=true, bufferSize=8192, policy=CompositeTriggeringPolicy(policies=[TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy(nextRolloverMillis=0, interval=1, modulate=true)]), strategy=DefaultRolloverStrategy(min=1, max=7, useMax=true), advertiseURI=null, layout=[%d{ISO8601}][%-5p][%-25c{1.}] %marker%.-10000m%n, filePermissions=null, fileOwner=null]] java.lang.IllegalStateException: ManagerFactory [org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManagerRollingFileManagerFactory@16293aa2</span>]unabletocreatemanagerfor[<spanclass="hljs−string">/var/log/elasticsearch/elk.log</span>]withdata[<spanclass="hljs−string">org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManagerRollingFileManagerFactory@16293aa2</span>] unable to create manager for [<span class="hljs-string">/var/log/elasticsearch/elk.log</span>] with data [<span class="hljs-string">org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManagerRollingFileManagerFactory@16293aa2]unabletocreatemanagerfor[<spanclass=”hljs−string”>/var/log/elasticsearch/elk.log]withdata[<spanclass=”hljs−string”>org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManagerFactoryData@5158b42f[pattern=/var/log/elasticsearch/elk-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log, append=true, bufferedIO=true, bufferSize=8192, policy=CompositeTriggeringPolicy(policies=[TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy(nextRolloverMillis=0, interval=1, modulate=true)]), strategy=DefaultRolloverStrategy(min=1, max=7, useMax=true), advertiseURI=null, layout=[%d{ISO8601}][%-5p][%-25c{1.}] %marker%.-10000m%n, filePermissions=null, fileOwner=null]] at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.AbstractManager.getManager(AbstractManager.java:115) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.OutputStreamManager.getManager(OutputStreamManager.java:115) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManager.getFileManager(RollingFileManager.java:188) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppenderBuilder.build(RollingFileAppender.java:144)</span><spanclass="hljs−code">atorg.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppenderBuilder.build(RollingFileAppender.java:144)</span> <span class="hljs-code"> at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppenderBuilder.build(RollingFileAppender.java:144)<spanclass=”hljs−code”>atorg.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppenderBuilder.build(RollingFileAppender.java:60) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.plugins.util.PluginBuilder.build(PluginBuilder.java:122) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createPluginObject(AbstractConfiguration.java:958) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:898) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:890) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.doConfigure(AbstractConfiguration.java:513) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.initialize(AbstractConfiguration.java:237) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.start(AbstractConfiguration.java:249) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.setConfiguration(LoggerContext.java:545) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.start(LoggerContext.java:261) at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:166) at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:122) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:307) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:123) at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:70) at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134) at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84)
2018-06-12 15:13:50,311 main ERROR Unable to invoke factory method in class org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender for element RollingFile: java.lang.IllegalStateException: No factory method found for class org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender java.lang.IllegalStateException: No factory method found for class org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.plugins.util.PluginBuilder.findFactoryMethod(PluginBuilder.java:229) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.plugins.util.PluginBuilder.build(PluginBuilder.java:134) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createPluginObject(AbstractConfiguration.java:958) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:898) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:890) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.doConfigure(AbstractConfiguration.java:513) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.initialize(AbstractConfiguration.java:237) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.start(AbstractConfiguration.java:249) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.setConfiguration(LoggerContext.java:545) at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.start(LoggerContext.java:261) at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:166) at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:122) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:307) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:123) at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:70) at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134) at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84)
解决：
原来在执行yum -y install elasticsearch的时候，就已经自动创建了一个单独的管理用户elasticsearch，但是我又自己创建了一个elk用户，并且把data和log目录授权给elk，所以就会出现“Starting elasticsearch: 2018-06-12 15:13:50,287 main ERROR Unable to create file /var/log/elasticsearch/elk.log java.io.IOException: 权限不够”的报错。 因此只需要将/opt/elk/data和/var/log/elasticsearch目录权限改为elasticsearch:elasticsearch就好了：
[elk@docker bin]$ ./elasticsearch 2018-06-04 01:15:07,609 main ERROR Unable to create file /home/elk/logs/my-application.log java.io.IOException: 权限不够 at java.io.UnixFileSystem.createFileExclusively(Native Method) at java.io.File.createNewFile(File.java:1012)
后面还有一段：
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Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to create node environment at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.<init>(Node.java:268) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.0.jar:5.6.0] at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.<init>(Node.java:245) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.0.jar:5.6.0] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap$5.<init>(Bootstrap.java:233) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.0.jar:5.6.0] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:233) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.0.jar:5.6.0] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:342) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.0.jar:5.6.0] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.0.jar:5.6.0] ... 6 more Caused by: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /home/elk/data/nodes at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:84) ~[?:?]
[elk@docker bin]$ ./elasticsearch Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000085330000, 2060255232, 0) failed; error='Cannot allocate memory' (errno=12) # # There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue. # Native memory allocation (mmap) failed to map 2060255232 bytes for committing reserved memory. # An error report file with more information is saved as: # /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/bin/hs_err_pid2819.log
[elk@es bin]$ ./elasticsearch Exception in thread "main" 2018-09-14 09:04:49,470 main ERROR No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console. Set system property 'log4j2.debug' to show Log4j2 internal initialization logging. SettingsException[Failed to load settings from /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml]; nested: AccessDeniedException[/usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml]; at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:102) at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.createEnv(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:72) at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:67) at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134) at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91) at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84) Caused by: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:84) at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:102) at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:107) at sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystemProvider.newByteChannel(UnixFileSystemProvider.java:214) at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:361) at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:407) at java.nio.file.spi.FileSystemProvider.newInputStream(FileSystemProvider.java:384) at java.nio.file.Files.newInputStream(Files.java:152) at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromPath(Settings.java:1032) at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:100) ... 6 more [elk@es bin]$
